Emperor Caligula statue restored


This video is called The Most Evil Men In History Caligula PART 1.

From The Art Newspaper:

Caligula reunited with his barges

Restored statue, broken by tomb robbers, to go on display at Roman ship museum

By Federico Castelli Gattinara and Ermanno Rivetti. Web only

Published online: 23 May 2013

A rare and recently restored 2.5m-high marble statue of the Roman Emperor Caligula (who reigned from AD37-AD41) is due to go on display in June at the Museo delle Navi Romane di Nemi—Italy’s popular ancient Roman ship museum.

The Italian Guardia di Finanza, the police force whose responsibilities include apprehending smugglers, seized the statue, which depicts an enthroned Caligula, near Lake Nemi, 30km south of Rome, in 2011. Tombaroli (tomb robbers) illegally excavated and broke the sculpture into two pieces to make it easier to transport. However the authorities managed to seize the work before it reached the black market and a team from the regional branch of the ministry of culture have restored it.

The sculpture will go on display along with other works found nearby including marble pieces unearthed at a circular nymphaeum (a monument dedicated to nymphs) next to Caligula’s villa, artefacts from the second-century Villa degli Antonini and a marble sculpture of Actaeon from Emperor Domitian’s first-century villa at Castel Gandolfo, near Rome. The work has not been on display before.

The museum’s star attractions are two, 70m-long ships that once belonged to Caligula. The vessels were raised in the 1920s. The museum has had a tumultuous history: founded in 1936, it was burned by the German army in 1944. Although the fire destroyed several Roman ships, many other treasures were saved and transferred to Palazzo Massimo in Rome. The museum was rebuilt and reopened in 1953 with scale models of the ships only to close ten years later due to structural problems. It finally reopened in 1988.

Grasshopper warbler and black-necked grebes again


30 April 2013.

After 29 April, today to Fochteloërveen nature reserve.

Early in the morning, a curlew calling.

In the Aekingerzand reserve: yellowhammer sound.

A female pied flycatcher.

At the Staatsbosbeheer information centre, sculptures in wood, of pine martens, and a bee.

Adult black woodpecker, Appelscha, 30 April 2013

The left half of the gate is a sculpture of an adult black woodpecker

Young black woodpeckers sculpture, Appelscha, 30 April 2013

… bringing food to its chicks in the nest, in the right half of the sculpture.

In Appelscha village, cuckoo flowers.

Greenfinch sound.

Chiffchaff. Chaffinch.

As today, the queen of the Netherlands abdicates, and the crown prince becomes king, some people have Dutch flags flying. At least one house has a Frisian flag instead of a Dutch flag.

A dunnock sings. A collared dove on top of the bridge.

We arrive at the Ravenswoud watchtower.

A cuckoo calls.

Grey lag geese swimming.

A chiffchaff. A chaffinch.

A buzzard circling in the air.

In the Fochteloërveen, a grasshopper warbler sings.

A male stonechat.

In the hide, barn swallows nest.

Black-necked grebes, Fochteloërveen, 30 April 2013

In the next lake, at least three black-necked grebes.

Black-necked grebe, Fochteloërveen, 30 April 2013

A meadow pipit, flying and singing.

A male hen harrier.

Then, a butterfly. A small male blue butterfly. A group in which it is difficult to find out the exact species.

A hobby flying.

Goddess Sekhmet statues discovery in Egypt


This video says about itself:

Iconic: Statue of Sekhmet

March 19, 2009

Dating to the reign of King Tutankhamun‘s grandfather, this Egyptian sculpture is a very fine example of one of the oldest known Egyptian deities, the lion-headed warrior goddess also known as Mistress of Dread and Lady of Slaughter. On display in the Galleries of Africa: Egypt at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, the statue is one of the Museum’s iconic objects.

From Ahram Online in Egypt:

More Sekhmet statues unearthed at Amenhotep III‘s temple in Luxor

Black granite statues of the ancient Egyptian lioness goddess Sekhmet were unearthed Monday at King Amenhotep III‘s temple on the west bank of Luxor

Nevine El-Aref, Monday 11 March 2013

Egyptian and European excavators unearthed a collection of black granite statues depicting the ancient Egyptian lioness Goddess Sekhmet during their routine excavation at the King Amenhotep III funerary temple in the Kom Al-Hittan area on the west bank of Luxor.

The statues depict the goddess Sekhmet in her usual form, sitting on the throne with a human body and lioness’s head.

“This is not the first time statues of the lioness goddess have been unearthed at Kom Al-Hittan,” said Mohamed Ibrahim, minister of state for antiquities adding that the Egyptian-European mission led by German Egyptologist Horig Sourouzian has previously unearthed 64 statues of Sekhmet of different shapes and sizes.

Ibrahim explained that such a large number highlights the important role of the goddess during the reign of the 18th dynasty king Amenhotep III, father of the monotheistic king Akhnaten and grandfather of the golden king Tutankhamun.

Sekhmet was believed to be a protective goddess as she was also the goddess of war and destruction. “Some Egyptologists,” pointed out Ibrahim, “believe that king Amenhotep constructed a large number of goddess Sekhmets in an attempt to cure him of a specific disease that he suffered during his reign.” Sekhmet was well known of her supposed ability to cure critical deseases.

Mansour Boreik, supervisor of Luxor antiquities, told Ahram online that the statues are very well preserved and each one is two metres tall. He continued saying that the newly discovered statues prove Amenhotep III’s funerary temple was once filled with Sekhmet statues of different sizes and shapes, similar to his temple on the east bank of Luxor, known as goddess Mut temple. This temple acted as a symbol of stability and prosperity during Amenhotep III’s reign.

10 years ago, the archeologists unearthed a large number of statues of Amenhotep III and his wife Queen Tiye; they also unearthed some parts of the temple’s walls.

“The work we are doing here is not only about advancing historical knowledge, but also about saving the last remnants of a temple that was once very prestigious; it is unfortunate that it been badly damaged,” Sourouzian said.

The teams aim to produce a virtual reconstruction of the temple using the latest computer programmes, she added, saying that this reconstruction would show the original position of every surviving piece within the original temple.

See also here.

Egyptian lion goddess Sekhmet discovery


Newly discovered Sekhmet statue

From Ahram Online in Egypt:

The lioness for real

A granite statue of the ancient Egyptian warrior goddess Sekhmet was unearthed today in the Mut Temple at Karnak on Luxor’s east bank

Nevine El-Aref, Wednesday 16 Jan 2013

During excavation and cleaning works in the Mut Temple at Karnak, a mission from the American Research Centre in Egypt (ARCE) stumbled on a very well preserved statue of the goddess Sekhmet. The statue is 180 cm tall and depicts Sekhmet as a lioness wearing the cobra and the Aten sun disk on her head and holding the ankh sign in her right hand and the lotus flower in her left.

“This is the first time a standing statue of the goddess Sekhmet in her original lioness form was found in the Mut Temple,” Mansour Boreik, the supervisor of Luxor antiquities, told Ahram Online. He added that previously discovered statues there depict Sekhmet seated with the facial features of the goddess Mut, the consort of the god Amun Re, not her original lioness figure.

The ARCE mission uncovered this statue within the sands of the Mut Temple’s second hall, within the framework of comprehensive restoration work carried out in collaboration with the Ministry of State for Antiquities (MSA). The project, which began in May 2012, aims at restoring the temple and its surroundings so that it can reopen to the public, as it has been closed since 1976.

The original plan includes the establishment of a visitor centre where a documentary about the goddess Mut and her role in ancient Egypt would be screened alongside photos of the temple before and after restoration.

The Mut Temple is one among several located at Karnak. For many years it stood in ruins beyond the south gate, some 200 meters south of Karnak’s 10th pylon. For some time now it has been undergoing restoration. The Napoleonic Expedition recorded one of the earliest plans of the Mut Temple as well as explorers and historians of the 19th century such as Nestor L’Hôte, whose drawings, made in 1839, recorded details of such temple. The Royal Prussian Expedition in 1842, led by Karl Lepsius and the first directors of the Department of Antiquities of Egypt, August Mariette and Gaston Maspero, had their own record of the monument. However, the first excavation and restoration work started in 1895 by two English women, Margaret Benson and Janet Gourlay.

British sculptor Bob Dawson dies


Bob Dawson, Bird in flight

By Alison and Susanna Dawson in Britain:

Obituary: Bob Dawson, sculptor, October 10 1921 – December 19 2012

Tuesday 15 January 2013

Our father Bob Dawson, who died last month aged 91, was a sculptor of distinction and an author of three books on sculpture techniques and carving.

Over his long and eventful life he exhibited regularly at the O’Hana and Ewan Phillips galleries in London. His works were shown at the Royal Academy, the Welsh Arts Council and the London Group and were acquired by numerous private collectors

He carried out many commissions for architects and was commissioned by the Peterborough Trust to produce a work for its sculpture trail.

He produced Bird In Flight in stainless steel which stands majestically at the start of the Fens.

For Leicestershire County Council, he produced a sculpture for the Desford Colliery which is now part of Bagworth Heath Woods and he sculpted the altar – still in use – which can be seen at Saint Matthews Church in London’s Bethnal Green.

Born in Holywell, north Wales, Dawson lived in the Midlands in market towns, farming areas and in Purbeck, Dorset, until his call-up to the army in 1940.

He served as a captain in the Indian army in Burma and India and after he was demobilised in 1946 studied drawing, painting and sculpture at Camberwell Art School and the then Kennington City and Guilds Art College, where he won a scholarship to study at the Royal Academy in Copenhagen.

After the second world war he met his Swiss wife Marthe in Swanage. She later became a skilled weaver and the couple eventually married in Portsmouth in 1949 and moved to London where they had two daughters.

In the early 1950s the couple joined the Communist Party and up until a few days before his death he was still a regular reader of the Morning Star.

During his time in education Bob taught sculpture, pottery and three-dimensional design at the London College of Printing and visual studies in the school of architecture in what is now part of Westminster University.

He specialised in materials and three-dimensional design and also taught drawing and engineering product design at South Bank Polytechnic in London.

Despite having developed Parkinson’s disease in his later years, he continued to work and took part most recently in Open Studios Northamptonshire.

He will be sorely missed by his family and friends and by those he taught.

He is survived by his daughters Alison and Susanna and his grandson Joe.

Botanical garden ducks and blackbird


This morning, after the birds of the old university library, to the botanical garden.

Mallards and sculpture, 11 November 2012

In the pond, there is a sculpture of a duck. This morning, that work of art attracts a female and a male living mallard duck.

Ring-necked parakeets call.

Japanese garden, 11 November 2012

There is a Japanese garden as part of the garden, in memory of famous nineteenth-century Japanologist Philipp Franz von Siebold.

Blackbird female, 11 November 2012

A female blackbird enjoys fruit there.

Japanese garden with Von Siebold bust, 11 November 2012

Now in late autumn, still beautifully coloured leaves.

Japanese garden leaves, 11 November 2012

As we go back, two adult coots swim in the canal. They have a juvenile with them: almost as big as its parents now, but still greyish, not black like them. This is late in the year. Let us hope that this young coot will survive the winter.

Bronze sculptures from prehistory till now


Dancing satyr

By Christine Lindey in England:

Bronze

Royal Academy, London W1

Friday 26 October 2012

The first thing you see is a lone dancing satyr.

Cast in bronze with inset alabaster eyes by Hellenistic foundry workers about 2300 years ago, it was rescued from the sea bed by fisherfolk in 1997. Its presence is breathtaking. Dramatically lit and larger than life, so expressive are its pose and facial expression and so finely observed and modeled are its anatomy and musculature that despite having lost its arms and one leg it still exudes the abandonment and grace of a young dancer.

Its survival is partly due to the enduring quality of the materials and processes from which it was made. Cast bronze’s durability, versatility of surface finishes and ability to incorporate other materials has led it to be used by almost all major civilisations in Africa, Asia and Europe.

The Royal Academy’s ambitious exhibition ranges over time and space in a dizzyingly rich display of over 150 bronze sculptures. These range from the Nordic Chariot Of The Sun, elegantly modeled and gilded with tooled gold 14 centuries before the Christian era, to Anish Kapoor‘s Untitled, a gleaming lacquered convex disc which reflects all who gaze into its inscrutable surface.

Instead of grouping the works according to chronology or culture they are presented according to their subjects – human figures, animals, objects, reliefs, gods and portraits. Facing the Hellenistic satyr is David Smith’s mid-1950s Portrait Of A Painter in which geometric shapes denote limbs and body, a painter’s palette becomes a head while a cobbler’s last forms a foot. Initially created as an assemblage from welded steel and found objects it exemplifies the modernist rejection of the classical tradition, yet like many modernists Smith had his work cast in bronze, that most traditional material and process.

Such juxtapositions can lead us to make unexpected connections and discoveries.

Smith’s figure stands between two 19th century ones – Rodin’s naked youth personifying the Age Of Bronze appears to stretch and awaken to the progressive age before our very eyes. In contrast the tired face, exhausted stance and crudely fashioned clogs of Dalou‘s realist Great Peasant signifies the exploitation of his class. A precursor to countless portrayals of peasants in the ex-Soviet block it is the only overtly socialist work in the exhibition.

Among numerous other smaller figures is an equally realistic male Seated Figure created in Nigeria in about the 14th century and used in fertility rituals. Facing it is the 11th-century Cambodian Kneeling Woman, the pared down graceful curves of her body and drapery conveying her yogic serenity.

The finesse of selection from closely observed nature which underly the naturalistic 16th-century Nigerian Ife and Benin portraits, with their delicately judged decorative surfaces, make their contemporary European counterparts appear fussily detailed in comparison.

There is humour among the continual surprises. A dumpy rotund elephant from 11th century China makes you want to laugh out loud. Its ornately tooled surface echoes that on a pair of 16th century Benin leopards, aloof as aristocrats, while Nandi, cast in 12th-century southern India, is a well fed bull who almost chuckles with contentment.

Grouping by subject celebrates the creativity and skilfulness of all humankind and provides a commendable challenge to residues of Eurocentric superiority.

Yet it underplays the sculptures’ different socio-political contexts and risks limiting our responses to the works’ aesthetic and technical aspects.

Satiated by the sheer richness and variety available, like children in a toy shop we dart wildly across millennia, centuries and cultures, marveling at the undoubted beauty and craftsmanship of these works so having little energy left to consider their vastly differing conditions of patronage, creative intention and function.

Far from being a cute animal the 12th-century Indian Nandi bull represents a Hindu deity, a doorkeeper to the god Shiva. It shares no ideology or function with representations of animals such as Barye‘s Tiger Devouring A Gavial of 1832, a European sculpture which celebrates naked aggression and domination.Yet both are displayed under the same category.

However, while discouraging ideological interpretations of specific works such curating may spark questions and ideas which could be followed up by further study.

The exhibition’s design and lighting are excellent as is its stress on the collaborative nature of cast sculpture in which interdependent sculptors and foundry workers work closely together. An excellent and popular room is devoted to demonstrating various complex and dangerous casting processes and the variety of possible finishes. Burnished, bejeweled, lacquered, polished, gilded, inlaid with gold or silver, etched with decorative patterns bronze is fashioned into a multitude of surfaces.

Finally the sheer quality of craft, feeling and intellect which underlies the works gathered under one roof is stunning.

The figure sculptures in the first two rooms alone would make a visit worthwhile. It is expensive but if you get a chance to see this exhibition, grasp it.

Runs until December 9. Box office: (020) 7300-8000.