New bat species discovered in Cambodia


Murina walstoni

From Wildlife Extra:

New bat species found in Cambodia

Tube-nosed bat named after Wildlife Conservation Society scientist

October 2011. Scientists discovered the small brown-and-white bat during surveys in the Van Sai Protected Forests in north-eastern Cambodia. Little is known about Southeast Asia’s tube-nosed bats, so named for their extraordinary nostrils. Several new species have been described in recent years.

To honour of Joe Walston, The Wildlife Conservation Society‘s Executive Director for Asia Programs and to highlight Walston’s work to save bats and other wildlife in Southeast Asia, a group of scientists have dubbed the newly discovered bat species Murina walstoni, or Walston’s tube-nosed bat.

Joe Walston began studying bats in Vietnam in 1994. In 2000, he found a critically endangered bat species in Cambodia that had only been caught once before – in 1912 from a cave in India nearly 2,000 miles away. He has been director for WCS’s Asia programs since 2010.

The researchers, Csorba Gabor of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Nguyen Truong Son of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Ith Saveng of the Royal University of Phnom Penh, and Neil Furey of Flora and Fauna International described the new species, along with two other new bats, in a recent issue of the Journal of Mammology.

See also here. And here.

How bat wings can heal themselves: here.

Kenyan air force kills Somali refugees


Jilib in SomaliaFrom daily The Morning Star in Britain:

Ten killed as air strike hits refugee camp in Somalia

Monday 31 October 2011

Kenyan planes bombed a refugee camp in southern Somalia on Sunday, killing at least 10 people and wounding dozens of women and children.

Aid group Doctors Without Borders said that 52 people were injured by the attack on the camp in Jilib.

About 1,500 families had fled there in the face of a drought earlier this year.

Town elder Ahmed Sheik Don said: “The planes targeted a bus stop. They also hit a refugee camp and finally an al-Shabab food distribution centre,” referring to the armed Islamist group that controls most of southern Somalia.

Kenyan troops moved into Somalia in mid-October to try to stop al-Shabab’s uprising against the country’s UN-backed government, backed by military planes and with logistical support from the French military.

From Warqaad.com:

Residents and officials told Reuters earlier on Sunday that at least 12 civilians were killed when two Kenyan jets bombed Jilib.

See also here.

Kenya’s ill-advised incursion into Somalia on Oct. 16 after a rash of kidnappings in the tourist paradise of Lamu will most likely lead to a long and expensive quagmire. The escalation will further destabilize a region already reeling from war, piracy, famine, and international terrorism: here.

Kenya’s blundering mission in Somalia: here.

Kenyan troops set to attack Somali towns: here.

Kenyan army tweets: don’t sell donkeys to militants: here.

Rare octopus stinkhorn on Texel island


Octopus stinkhorn

The octopus stinkhorn is in the Netherlands a rare fungus.

From southern Europe, it spread to the north (because of climate change?); it has by now reached Denmark.

According to Ecomare museum on Texel island, a few years ago the octopus stinkhorn showed for the first time in the Muy nature reserve in the north of Texel. It still occurs there. On animal dung, like elsewhere.

Texel fungi: here.

Archaeopteryx ‘still the first bird’


This video is called New Fossil in China Changes Evolutionary Origin of Birds.

From Science Alert:

Archaeopteryx ‘still the first bird’

Bob Beale, The University of New South Wales

Thursday, 27 October 2011

The crown of the famous 150-million-year-old Archaeopteryx fossil as the first bird has been restored by a new evolutionary tree.

In a study published today in the journal Biology Letters, Australian researchers say the feathered fossil is indeed of the first known bird, despite another study earlier this year suggesting otherwise.

Archaeopteryx had been considered for 150 years to be the first known bird since the first complete specimen was found in Germany in 1861, revealing a combination of reptilian and and bird features. But Chinese researchers asserted recently that a new and closely related fossil, Xiaotingia zhengi, was a bird-like dinosaur – therefore suggesting that Archaeopteryx was also a dinosaur.

However, the new study, led by Dr Michael Lee, of the South Australian Museum, used a more detailed analyis to show that Archaeopteryx was a bird.

“Archaeopteryx is iconic in palaeontology as the basal bird, however the plethora of discoveries of feathered dinosaurs in China, in particular, has progressively eroded the distinction of just what defines a bird,” says one of the authors, Dr Trevor Worthy, a palaeontologist in the UNSW School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences.

“This trend came to a head when Xaiotingia

sic; Xiaotingia

was analysed most recently and in the analysis presented Archaeopteryx was found to jump ship as it were from the birds to the dromaeosaurs.

“This sensational result was presented and attracted much publicity, but the very weak statistical support for this new relationship was not given due consideration.

“In our work, Mike Lee has shown quite clearly that methodology is highly significant and that before a paradigm is overturned data needs to be rigorously examined.

“Using a different analytical methodology than that usually used by morphologists, but one always used by analysts of molecular data, we found that Archaeopteryx remains the basal bird and does so with strong statistical support.

“This case demonstrates that multiple analysis methods should be used, each with concordant results before a paradigm breaking result is accepted. And it shows that Archaeopteryx remains the key to understanding the origin of birds.”

We describe an enormous Late Cretaceous fossil bird from Kazakhstan, known from a pair of edentulous mandibular rami (greater than 275 mm long), which adds significantly to our knowledge of Mesozoic avian morphological and ecological diversity. A suite of autapomorphies lead us to recognize the specimen as a new taxon. Phylogenetic analysis resolves this giant bird deep within Aves as a basal member of Ornithuromorpha. This Kazakh fossil demonstrates that large body size evolved at least once outside modern birds (Neornithes) and reveals hitherto unexpected trophic diversity within Cretaceous Aves: here.